Protocol guide · Updated July 2026 · 7 min read
ACP explained: how ChatGPT Shopping picks products
Direct answer: The Agentic Commerce Protocol (ACP), built by OpenAI and Stripe, is the pipe between ChatGPT and merchant catalogs. Discovery runs on structured product feeds; purchase runs on delegated checkout (the agent transacts, you stay seller of record) or redirect. Your job as a merchant: feed quality, data freshness, and crawler access.
The three layers of ACP
| Layer | What it does | What you control |
| Discovery | ChatGPT matches buyer intent against merchant product data | Feed quality, schema markup, OAI-SearchBot access |
| Selection | The model shortlists 3–5 products fitting constraints | Price/availability accuracy, specs in text, reviews, policies |
| Checkout | Delegated payment via Stripe rails, or handoff to your site | Checkout integration, order webhooks, fulfillment SLAs |
How selection actually works
When a buyer asks ChatGPT for "a standing desk under $500 that ships this week", the model doesn't rank ads — it composes an answer from products whose data proves they fit every constraint:
- Price and availability must be present and current in structured form. Stale = skipped.
- Constraints are filters. "Ships this week" requires machine-readable shipping data. No data, no match — even if you actually ship same-day.
- Trust compounds. Consistent Organization data, real review signals and third-party citations raise selection odds across all queries, not one keyword.
What a small merchant should actually do
- If you're on Shopify: you're likely already enrolled in ChatGPT Shopping. Your work is data quality — titles, GTINs, availability, variant hygiene. Audit your feed like it's your storefront, because now it is.
- If you're not: keep a clean structured feed (Merchant Center format is a good baseline), ship schema.org Product/Offer JSON-LD (see the checklist, step 2), and allow
OAI-SearchBot in robots.txt.
- Watch your citation share. Monthly, ask ChatGPT to recommend products in your category. If competitors show and you don't, the gap is nearly always data, not brand.
ACP vs UCP vs MCP, in one paragraph
ACP (OpenAI + Stripe) is transaction-focused and powers ChatGPT Shopping. UCP (Google, launched NRF 2026) is broader — discovery through post-purchase across Google surfaces. MCP (Anthropic) is the connectivity standard agents use to query live systems — inventory, pricing, order status. They're complementary rails, and all three consume the same fuel: clean, structured, accessible product data. Optimize the fuel once and every rail benefits.
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